|
There are nine main ethnolinguistic groups in the Cordilleras. The Cordillera Region is located in Luzon and is the largest region in the Philippines. It has a distinct culture from the rest of the country and each town has its own dialect. ==Bontocs== The Bontoc ethnolinguistic group can be found in the central and east portions of the Mountain Province. It mainly consists of the Balangaos and Gaddangs, with a significant portion who identify as part of the Kalinga group. The Bontoc live in a mountainous territory, particularly close to the Chico River and its tributaries. Mineral resources (gold, copper, limestone, gypsum) can be found in the mountain areas. Gold in particular has been traditionally extracted from the Bontoc municipality. The Chico River provides sand, gravel and white clay, while the forests of Barlig and Sadanga within the area have rattan, bamboo and pine trees. Bontocs have three different indigenous housing structures: the residence place of the family (''katyufong''), the dormitories for females (''olog''), and the dormitories for males (''ato''/''ator''). Different structures are mostly associated with agricultural needs, such as granaries and pigpens. Traditionally, all structures have ''inatep'', cogon grass roofs. Bontoc houses also have numerous utensils, tools, and weapons: like cooking tools; agricultural tools like bolos, trowels, and plows, bamboo or rattan fish traps; and battleaxes, knives, and spears for battle. Music is also important to Bontoc life, and is usually played during ceremonies. Songs and chants are accompanied by nose flutes, gongs, bamboo mouth organ, and Jew’s harp. Wealthy families make use of jewelry, which are commonly made of gold, glass, agate, or shells, to show their status. The Bontoc take pride in their kinship ties and oneness as a group (''sinpangili'') based on affiliations, history together against intruders, and community rituals for agriculture and matters which affect the entire province, like natural disasters. Kinship groups have two main functions: controlling property and regulating marriage. However, they are also important for the mutual cooperation of the group’s members. There are generally three social classes in Bontoc society, the ''kakachangyan'' (rich), the ''wad-ay ngachanna'' (middle-class), and the ''lawa'' (poor). Anthropologists believe that the Bontoc descended from Indonesian and Malay immigrants, however Bontocs believe that they have lived in their present area since time immemorial. Today, they are distributed all over the Philippines. They are the second largest group in the Mountain Province. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ethnicities of the Philippine Cordilleras」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|